The theory of <I>shapes</I> and the <I>subshape</I> relation is the same as the theory of <I>individuals</I> and the <I>part</I> relation.

In the hope of improving the performance of public participation programs in practice, this paper applies a perspective drawn from the recent literature on implementation assessment to the design of such programs. Viewing participation not only as a way of structuring the relationship among...

In this paper the author attempts to show that the language of categories and functors is an appropriate language for discussions of the planning process. A category-theoretic model of the planning process is presented and research directions are also indicated.

Though the concept of hierarchy has been used extensively in the siting of multilevel service systems, particular attention has not been paid by analysts to the full variety of ways in which locational goals of different service levels can be linked. Many past studies of locational hierarchies,...

This paper continues and completes a previous paper on the logic of decisionmaking. That paper considered the problem of speculations in decisionmaking discourse, and the metaproblem of how the procedures for making decisions are decided on. This paper extends the logic of the previous paper by...

Some of the methodological problems that have arisen in the course of recent research in planning processes are considered with a view to providing would-be researchers with some general guidelines to help them in designing research strategies. With this essentially practical objective in mind,...

A mathematical model is described that may be used to compare and evaluate pairs of regional settlement patterns from the point of view of their use of energy. The model is specifically designed for the comparison of a range of hypothetical energy-efficient regional configurations with an...

The discussion in this paper focuses on the ways in which notions of meaning are customarily handled in architectural theory, especially notions of aesthetic meaning. The topic is considered in two contexts: that of 'postmodern' architecture during the late 1960s and the 1970s and that of...

The IOR school represents one of the two main streams of planning-methodological thinking in the 1960s and 1970s. This paper traces its development from its founding period (from its inception to the publication of <I>Local Government and Strategic Choice</I>) through the period during which its...</i>