This article examines the welfare effects of international income transfers in a two-country, two-good model with transboundary pollution. Most existing studies have assumed that pollution negatively affects the consumer’s utility function instead of influencing production. In our model, there...

A Pollution Control Agreement (PCA) is typically an agreement made between a local government and a business with regard to the environmental measures of the business. It can be regarded as a kind of voluntary approach (VA). In preceding case studies, it was found that PCAs played a larger role...

A contingent valuation survey was conducted in Shizuoka, Japan, to estimate the willingness to pay (WTP) for reductions in the risk of dying and calculate the value of statistical life (VSL) for use in environmental policy in Japan. Special attention was devoted to the effects of age and health...

This article deals with the relationship between industrialization of agriculture and the environment in developing countries. We specifically focus on livestock production and regulation. We develop a simple economic framework to demonstrate the effect of location on intensification of...

Information disclosure has been touted as a powerful tool to effect change in environmental quality. We present the first empirical analysis of investor reactions to a pollutant release and transfer register (PRTR) outside the United States. In contrast to the US studies, we found only weak...

Several thousand kilometers of West Virginia streams are degraded by acid mine drainage, and the estimates for cleanup range in the billions of dollars (US$). This article demonstrates the use of a nonmarket valuation technique, benefit transfer, to estimate the benefits of restoring an impaired...

Brazil has long ago removed most of the perverse government incentives that stimulated massive deforestation in the Amazon in the 1970s and 1980s, but the highly controversial policy concerning road building still remains. While data is now abundantly available due to the constant satellite...

This article examines the reducing and recycling effects caused by municipal solid waste policies, such as garbage pricing and recyclables collection. Equations for garbage and recyclables are estimated using Heckman’s two-step estimation and seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) to consider...

We develop a simple general equilibrium model in the style of Harberger to analyze the distributional effects of the proposed “environment tax” on carbon in Japan. We derive closed-form equations that show how a change in the tax rate affects the economy-wide return to capital, wage, and...