How does one guide action? By thinking it out well and completely so that, one says, it is good and fair since it conforms to reason. Thinking about the act itself imposes that it comes from within the subject of the action, sure of success, effective and efficient. Who can then assign the...

From a legal perspective, the membership in a business corporation is expressed through shares, and individual membership succession can in principle be achieved through a negotiable transaction. This has the effect that the interests of the corporation’s shareholders may be directed away from...

In spite of the philosophical and theological traditions that make ethics and economy basically linked to each other, business ethics as a field of research is really born in USA at the end of '60s. We have identified three historical periods in the evolution of business ethics in the United...

This presentation introduces the fundamental concepts of praxiological analysis and its relation to systems approach. The following topics are discussed in this paper: effectiveness and efficiency of action, work, human action and their design, teleological explanation, components of human...

It is highly desirable for an allocation of goods to be efficient. However, one might also deem it important that an allocation gives individuals what they deserve. This paper investigates whether it is possible for an allocation to be both efficient and give people what they deserve. It will...

Tadeusz Kotarbinski’s philosophical development is astonishingly complete. From the very beginning of his work he showed interest in ethical questions, but he felt that before ha can answer them he needed to deal with several issues in the philosophy of language and action. He thought that a...

In this brief discussion, I will address two main issues. The first concerns our understanding of the nature of market failure as an evaluative concept. I suggest that we have reason to avoid defining market failure solely in relation to the technical notion of Pareto optimality. The second...

In this paper, I consider a recent challenge to egalitarianism raised by Michael Huemer. Huemer’s challenge takes the form of a dilemma: egalitarians can either be atomists or holists about equality’s value. If they are atomists, then they must accept that equality in fact does not have...

As health is more and more recognized as a « human right », we can wonder if this tendency leads to an important increase in foreign aid for health. We try to show that aid has been considered for a few years as a big stake for international security. This approach focused on security issues...

Since the 1980s, the need for ethics has been growing steadily; however, incorporating ethics in business raises certain problems. In this work, our hypothesis is that the game of golf, an activity whose very existence is conditioned by the respect of certain fundamental ethical principles, can...