Since its 1992 introduction, the Balanced Scorecard has received deserving accolades while academics continue investigating its pragmatic aspects. This paper contributes to the Balanced Scorecard literature, first, by proffering a logical explanation for its successful acclaim and, second, by...

Microfinance is increasingly seen as a major development tool. Its promise to help the poor by providing financial services is seen as the major reason for its support. Nevertheless, its ability to effectively reduce poverty is not yet clear, and it generates some unresolved ethical questions....

Partnership is one of the less well-defined concepts of fair trade, yet one central to its definition. It has three components (representational regime, control mechanisms and spaces of negotiation) that coexist and have a variable importance depending on the moment of the history of the...

We would like in this article to investigate the ambivalent relations between fair trade and market. Is the objective of development advanced by fair trade compromised or facilitated through the use of market exchanges? Fair trade activists seem very critical towards the market logic, as the...

Although there are several models that seek to understand development, few authors try to characterize underdevelopment under an all-encompassing concept. This is why the notion of vulnerability, as exposed by Goulet in The Cruel Choice (1971), continues to be useful in the analysis of...

Since the beginning of the 80s, a growing number of tourist operators are involved in the implementation of responsible practices. Facing this exponential production of ethic charters and codes of conduct, the question must be asked of the reality of their altruism. The analysis of the...

As developing countries have become more integrated within the global economy, new, developing world-based economic elites have emerged as important philanthropists and development actors. The burgeoning trend of indigenous philanthropy holds particularly important implications for traditionally...

Fair trade has become an important part of responsible consumption. But how is fair trade more fair than traditionnal trade? And what kind of fairness does it embody? Building on moral philosophy and justice theory of Aristote, Hume and Rawls to analyse fair trade practices as presented in many...

The bringing of the equitable trade with respect to the great distribution and the transnational corporations, the registered voter in an ethical approach of the economy. However this orientation runs the risk of the denial of the politic and to fail in his social politique. However by...

The author describes how the idea of a North-North fair trade is envisaged in the most important French fair trade network, Artisans du Monde. He shows that the promotion of fair trade with local producers is frequently thought as a natural extension of the previous objectives of the movement,...