The open science movement has gained significant momentum over the past decade, with pre-registration and the use of pre-analysis plans being central to ongoing debates. Combining observational evidence on trends in adoption with survey data from 519 researchers, this study examines the adoption...

Alfani and Carballo (2023) estimate the levels of income inequality in the Aztec Empire around 1492, that is, before the Spanish conquest. Their main estimate finds that the Gini index was 50.4. They conclude that income inequality in the Aztec Empire was high even before the Spanish conquest,...

Calvert et al. (2023) meta-analyzed effect estimates from interrupted time series (ITS) analyses of changes in preterm birth- and stillbirth rates following the first four months lockdown in various countries. Evidence for small relative reductions was reported regarding preterm birth rates in...

Aggarwal et al. (2023) analyze the effects of an 8-month-long advertising program on voter turnout in the 2020 US presidential election. Therein, 2 million voters were exposed to pro-Biden and anti-Trump advertisements on social media in five battleground states. The study finds no average...

Flamino et al. (2023) estimate the levels of ideological polarization and echo chamber behavior for Twitter (now X) users during the 2016 and 2020 U.S. presidential elections using political bias classification and network analysis methods. Using 873 million tweets, they find a decline in the...

Hassan et al. (2024) describe a randomized controlled trial conducted in Bangladesh during COVID-19. This comment identifies data irregularities from the original paper's replication package and notes its connection to other published papers. Critically, Hassan et al. (2024) andWang et al....

Wang et al. (2024) report that Bangladeshi students randomly given access to lessons on a phone server saw significant learning gains during COVID- 19 school closures. We identify three sets of anomalies. First, this experiment shares participants with another experiment conducted simultaneously...

For many economic questions, the empirical results are not interesting unless they are strong. For these questions, theorizing before the results are known is not always optimal. Instead, the optimal sequencing of theory and empirics trades off a "Darwinian Learning" effect from theorizing first...

Holt and Vinopal (2023) investigate whether there is inequality in how much time people spend waiting for services using the American Time Use Survey (ATUS). They find that (1) high-income people are both less likely to wait and spend less time waiting than low-income people, and that (2) this...

Holt and Vinopal (2023) provides evidence of an income-based gap in time spent waiting for services on the typical day in the United States. The gap was estimated at the extensive margin, unconditional intensive margin, and intensive margin conditional on some waiting time. The analysis was...