This paper explores the size of the differences between reported amounts in accordance with international financial reporting standards (IFRS) and standard accounting adjustments made by the credit rating agencies. From an analysis of French rated companies, we make a comparison between the...

This paper finds that after controlling for board composition, firms with larger cash constraints tend to grant stock options to managers as performance rewards. The interaction item between cash constraint shortfall and past stock returns performance is positively related to stock option grant....

The purpose of this paper is to briefly explore the history of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 ('FCPA'), review the literature surrounding its shortcomings and efficiencies and generate a cumulative assessment on the FCPA's efficacy in meeting its intended objectives. First, the FCPA...

This paper reviews the accounting and auditing definitions on materiality. The International Standard of Auditing (ISA) 320 'Materiality in planning and performing an audit' defines performance materiality as "the amount or amounts set by the auditor at less than materiality for the financial...

This is a selection from Professor Abraham Briloff (deceased in 2014) from his book, More Debits than Credits: The Burnt Investors Guide to Financial Statements, Harper and Rowe, New York, 1976. Abraham Jacob Briloff was born on July 19, 1917, in Manhattan. His parents, Benjamin and Anna, were...