This article examines alleged predatory pricing in the newspaper industry which led the House of Lords to amend section 19 of the Competition Bill. In making that amendment, the House invoked a confused argument involving public good, merit good and predatory pricing concepts. This argument is...

There are some problems such as global warming, ozone depletion and acid rain that are due to non-linear interactions arising from the impact of the human socioeconomic activity system upon nature’s biological system. These interface problems are complex and accumulative but more...

Contemporary analytical economists normally date their origins from the late eighteenth century. We argue herein that a pseudo-scientificity (which omits normative information), combined with an overriding ethnocentrism, tends to lead the disciplinary agents of economics to ignore much economic...

Economists have progressively recognised the importance of human capital in explaining differences in the economic performance of nations. In the context of the knowledge intensity of today’s global economy, the acquisition of human capital takes on added significance. At the micro level...

An extended Keynesian model provides insights not revealed by conventional models. An aggregate economy is conceptualised as comprising a heterogeneous amalgam of individuals with fluctuating demands. The consequences of these fluctuations are, initially, shown to be consistent with the...

Poland is one of the countries aspiring to the European Union. In order to join with EU it is required to meet the “convergence criteria†in accordance with the Maastricht treaty. Additionally the European Union is changing, too. It introduced new monetary policy, new...

There are large spatial differences in unemployment rates in Great Britain. This article attempts to explain variations in rates between travel to work areas (TTWAs) and focuses particularly on the contribution of public spending to that explanation. Our hypothesis is that higher public or...

The main purpose of this paper is to suggest a general scheme for the examination of claims to scientific authority. The formulation of a scheme within which rational discourse can take place, and comparisons between competing paradigms can be made, is argued to have particular urgency for the...