This paper presents the results of ten case studies conducted in England following the quantity de-regulation in the taxi market that has been widely applied since 2003. The case studies were carried out for a report commissioned by the Office for Fair Trading and gathered data on the number of...

This paper analyses the welfare effects of cordon pricing and area pricing through numerical simulations with a multi-regional general equilibrium model. The toll policies achieve approximately 60 per cent of the efficiency gains from the Pigouvian congestion tax. Cordon pricing is better if...

Interest in the use of tolls to fund and regulate demand on motorways has revived in recent years. However, less attention has been paid to the road safety effects of this policy. Although toll motorway quality is equal to or above that of free motorways, charging users shifts some traffic to...

Recent empirical work, as part of its attempt to establish the expectations hypothesis and explain the term structure of shipping freight rates, has identified the presence of time-varying term-risk premia in shipping markets. Consequently, to proceed further in any such research, a way must be...

This paper evaluates cost efficiency and some of its managerial determinants in Germany's local public transport. A heteroscedastic stochastic frontier approach reveals that a high degree of tramcar utilisation and a high outsourcing degree influence the efficiency predictions positively. Mean...

Airports and airlines have been increasingly establishing vertical contracts, with important implications for policy issues, namely for regulation and price discrimination legislation. In this paper, we develop a model that analyses the effects of three types of vertical contract, regarding...

This paper revisits the elasticities of car traffic using a panel dataset of the twenty-one French regions over the period 1973-99 considering spatial interdependences. Two spatial specifications including random or fixed effects are retained. These models have been estimated using the Maximum...

The flag of registry and classification society are an integral part of the target factors used by Port State Control (PSC) authorities when deciding on vessels to select for inspection. A shipowner may then have an interest in changing the flag of registry (flag-hopping) and classification...

Costs of delays for shipping on the Mississippi River caused by lock congestion are important and adversely impact growth in shipments on that mode. This study analyses the competitive position of grain shipments and quantifies delay costs on the Mississippi River system. A spatial optimisation...

This paper investigates factors likely to increase a person's risk of social exclusion, drawing on survey data specifically framed for this purpose. We use a generalised ordered logit model that accounts for observed and unobserved heterogeneity and derive the marginal effects for each...