Cost-benefit analysts involved in evaluating projects influencing the risk of death and injury have access to a wide group of studies that provide a large range of estimates of the value of a statistical life. It is a difficult task to pick the right estimate. This paper discusses the potential...

This article deals with Air Traffic Control (ATC) pricing as a means of sorting out the European airspace congestion problem. For several years the situation has been worsening. Insufficient capacity of the ATC system, poor coordination between European ATC providers, and a high traffic level,...

This paper describes a framework for analysing the acceptability of pricing changes in the transport sector. This framework is based on Rawls' theory of justice and makes reference to economic efficiency (efficiently managing demand), spatial equity (guaranteed access), horizontal equity (the...

Cordon tolls are simulated for eight English towns. The distributional effects and environmental impacts are assessed. Although distributional effects vary across towns, environmental impacts are positive in all cases. Benefits are compared to those that would accrue from first-best charges. It...

Singapore introduced a vehicle quota system (VQS) in 1990 as part of its overall policy to control urban congestion. While the VQS has reduced the annual growth rate of the vehicle population to about 3 per cent, it has created uncertainty in the cost of vehicle ownership due to the fluctuations...

The authors explore the properties of various types of public and private pricing on a congested road network, with heterogeneous users, and allowing for elastic demand. The network allows them to model certain features of real-world significance: pricing restrictions on either complementary or...

Practical methods for estimating benefits corresponding to second-best situation are derived by modelling a congestion-prone transport network explicitly. A change in total benefit of an investment in transport infrastructure can be calculated in three ways: (a) the sum of the changes in...

The objective of this paper is to inform the debate on how efficiency targets for Network Rail (formerly Railtrack) should be set during the 2002/03 Interim Review and beyond. Given the problems experienced during the 2000 Periodic Review, which focused on external benchmarks, we propose an...

Meta-analysis is applied to the negative relationship between airport noise exposure and residential property values. The effect size in the analysis is the percentage depreciation per decibel increase in airport noise, or the noise discount. Twenty hedonic property value studies are analysed,...

Address for correspondence : Associate Professor Kevin N. Rask, Department of Economics, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY 13346 USA. The author is grateful to Jill Tiefenthaler, Norman Rask, and an anonymous referee for helpful comments, to Carolyn Edwards, Larry Hudson, and Robert Lowe for...