Search Results - isPartOf:"Judgment and Decision Making"

Lay understanding of probability distributions

Goldstein, Daniel G.; Rothschild, David - In: Judgment and Decision Making 9 (2014) 1, pp. 1-14

How accurate are laypeople's intuitions about probability distributions of events? The economic and psychological literatures provide opposing answers. A classical economic view assumes that ordinary decision makers consult perfect expectations, while recent psychological research has emphasized...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010735458

Foreground-background salience effect in traffic risk communication

Hu, Tian-Yi; Jiang, Xin-Wen; Xie, Xiaofei; Ma, Xiao-Qin; … - In: Judgment and Decision Making 9 (2014) 1, pp. 83-89

Pie charts are often used to communicate risk, such as the risk of driving. In the foreground-background salience effect (FBSE), foreground (probability of bad event) has greater salience than background (no bad event) in such a chart. Experiment 1 confirmed that the displays format of pie...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010735459

Predicting biases in very highly educated samples: Numeracy and metacognition

Ghazal, Saima; Cokely, Edward T.; Garcia-Retamero, Rocio - In: Judgment and Decision Making 9 (2014) 1, pp. 15-34

We investigated the relations between numeracy and superior judgment and decision making in two large community … and decision making because they simultaneously assess (1) mathematical competency and (2) metacognitive and self ….g., less overconfidence). Results suggest that well-designed numeracy tests tend to be robust predictors of superior judgment …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010735460

Does menu design influence retirement investment choices? Evidence from Italian occupational pension funds

Lippi, Andrea - In: Judgment and Decision Making 9 (2014) 1, pp. 77-82

Previous research has demonstrated that consumers' decisions regarding supplementary pensions could be affected by biases. Bernatzi and Thaler's experiment demonstrated that menu design can influence pension fund enrollment decisions, in that participants appear to adopt a na\"ive heuristic,...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010735461

Cognitive integration of recognition information and additional cues in memory-based decisions

Glockner, Andreas; Broder, Arndt - In: Judgment and Decision Making 9 (2014) 1, pp. 35-50

Gloeckner and Broeder (2011) have shown that for 77.5% of their participants' decision making behavior in decisions involving recognition information and explicitly provided additional cues could be better described by weighted-compensatory Parallel Constraint Satisfaction (PCS) Models than by...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010735462

Cultural differences in responses to real-life and hypothetical trolley problems

Gold, Natalie; Colman, Andrew M.; Pulford, Briony D. - In: Judgment and Decision Making 9 (2014) 1, pp. 65-76

Trolley problems have been used in the development of moral theory and the psychological study of moral judgments and behavior. Most of this research has focused on people from the West, with implicit assumptions that moral intuitions should generalize and that moral psychology is universal....

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010735463

Introducing upfront losses as well as gains decreases impatience in intertemporal choices with rewards

Jiang, Cheng-Ming; Hu, Feng-Pei; Zhu, Long-Fei - In: Judgment and Decision Making 9 (2014) 4, pp. 297-302

People tend to prefer smaller and sooner (SS) rewards over larger and later (LL) ones even when the latter are much larger. Previous research have identified several ways to enhance people's patience. Adding to this literature, the current paper demonstrates that introduction of upfront losses...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010812074

Responsibility judgments of wins and losses in the 2013 chess championship

Nordbye, Gro Hege Haraldsen; Teigen, Karl Halvor - In: Judgment and Decision Making 9 (2014) 4, pp. 335-348

We report two studies on the perceived responsibility of opponents competing for a goal that can be attained by only one of them. Responsibility judgments were collected in seven samples of lay people and experts before, during, and after the World Chess Championship in 2013. Participants...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010812075

Reasons for cooperation and defection in real-world social dilemmas

Attari, Shahzeen Z.; Krantz, David H.; Weber, Elke U. - In: Judgment and Decision Making 9 (2014) 4, pp. 316-334

Interventions to increase cooperation in social dilemmas depend on understanding decision makers' motivations for cooperation or defection. We examined these in five real-world social dilemmas: situations where private interests are at odds with collective ones. An online survey (N = 929) asked...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010812076

Using metacognitive cues to infer others' thinking

Mata, André; Almeida, Tiago - In: Judgment and Decision Making 9 (2014) 4, pp. 349-359

Three studies tested whether people use cues about the way other people think---for example, whether others respond fast vs. slow---to infer what responses other people might give to reasoning problems. People who solve reasoning problems using deliberative thinking have better insight than...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010812077