The overall composite Business Survey Index of the manufacturing sector in Q3 2017 saw a decrease over the previous quarter, and has stayed under the baseline (100) for three consecutive quarters. The specific BSI on business conditions and sales in the manufacturing sector remained below the...

The overall composite Business Survey Index for the manufacturing sector in Q1 2018 remained under the baseline (100). However, all feeder indices excepting only inventory (102) have worsened compared to the previous quarter. Business conditions (82), sales (79), domestic demand (81), and...

The overall composite Business Survey Index for the manufacturing sector in Q2 2019 remained under the baseline (100). However, all feeder indices excepting inventory (103), facilities investment (99) and employment (96) have considerably improved compared to the previous quarter. Business...

The term “Washington Consensus” was coined first in 1989 by John Williamson to describe ten economic policy prescriptions for developing countries that should constitute the standard policy agenda for Washington, D.C.-based institutions such as the IMF, the World Bank, and the US Treasury...

The regional industrial policies enforced by central and local governments aim to form industrial clusters and energize regional economies by having enterprises flow into regional areas. Both central and local governments need to figure out why and how enterprises relocate to establish regional...

Considering its industrial scale and ripple effects on other industries, the plant industry has a significant impact on the national economy. In particular, the industry is considered have the potential to help address continued sluggish growth in the Korean economy. Its contributions include...

Recently, interest in the expansion of the on-demand economy is increasing. The on-demand economy refers to a business relationship that provides goods and services at any time to meet the consumer’s needs. The emergence of the on-demand economy is based on the proliferation of mobile devices,...

The service industry has been expanding in the world and its structure is being gradually advanced today. Among developed countries, the service industry now employs more workers than the manufacturing sector and contributes more value added. In the manufacturing industry, manufacturers expand...

The BSIs for the 1st quarter of 2014 indicate that the economic sentiment of manufacturing firms has worsened compared to the last quarter. The manufacturer’ assessment of business conditions has been below the baseline (100) since last year. Except for the ordinary profit (102), the BSIs on...

There are also few papers distinguishing the effects of the type of agreement. Estevadeordal, Freund et al. (2008) research CU and FTA’s effects on tariff complements using Latin America data. Innwon and Soonchan (2009) studied similar effects for East Asia. Ghosh and Yamarik (2004) divided...