Agriculture is the biggest use of water in Lebanon, a relatively water-rich country in a mostly arid region. Pollution of water resources in Lebanon varies according to region but most is mainly due to sewage discharge and agricultural activities. As with intensive agricultural practices...

The effect of spatial-scale variations on water harvesting has been evaluated at micro-catchment, hillside/farm, and watershed (=catchment) scales in three relatively dry environments in Syria, Pakistan and Egypt. Micro-catchment water harvesting captures localized runoff only through...

Monitoring of five dairy farming catchment streams in New Zealand shows they have high concentrations of N and P forms and faecal indicator bacteria. Suspended solids (SS) concentrations are sometimes high because of poor riparian management. Trend analysis and specific yields of N, P and SS for...

Section 319 of the amended Federal Clean Water Act requires states to outline management plans for impaired water bodies to address non-point source pollution. When determining the priority for conservation measures within a watershed* for non-point source pollution control, models are valuable...

There is increasing awareness and concern about water pollution and water scarcity, and sanitation has been acknowledged as a critical dimension of both. This paper summarises the findings from the 2nd International Dry Toilet Conference 2006 (DT2006), held 16-19 August, 2006, in Tampere,...

Often, as a frantic response to problems of water scarcity and consequent hardships faced by both urban and communities, India has invested heavily in rainwater harvesting. Unlike investment in large water resource systems, these efforts, by and large, lack hydrological planning and sound...

This study investigates the possible use of climate forecasts by Pennsylvania Community Water System (CWS) managers for planning and decision making. The first phase involves analysis of data from a mail survey to identify managers most likely to use climate forecasts. The second phase uses...

It is often said that water is under-priced and that if the full cost of water were charged, water use would be more sustainable. Moving from a statement to actual practice requires a shift in thinking about the fundamental economics. Australia has embarked on a process of economic reform and...

Under the Clean Water Act, U.S. states are required to establish water quality standards, list impaired waterbodies and create Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDL) for impaired waters. Sediment contributes greatly to the water impairment in Tennessee, with agriculture often cited as the primary...

We examined spatial patterns of physico-chemico characteristics and nutrients of freshwater lotic systems in impaired waters in sand river systems in a semi-arid tropical lowveld region of south-east Zimbabwe, from August 2003 to April 2004. These changes were viewed in the context effluent...