Liberalization of merchandize trade has brought forth extraordinary gains to world economy in recent decades. Available research, however, suggests that even greater benefits can result from the liberalization of global trade in services. Currently only about 20 percent of services are traded...

The large volume of literature and commentary on resolution of investor-state disputes tends to focus primarily on the rights of the foreign investor and the process through which the investor may protect her interest through investor-state arbitration, either at the World Bank’s ICSID or in...

In current negotiations on both climate change and international trade, there is debate over the obligations of developing countries. The author argues that whatever the outcome of those general discussions, special status must be carefully retained for the protection of the least-developed...

This paper discusses the major policy initiatives that have been developed to combat chronic food shortages in the world’s least developed nations. The United States has taken the world’s leadership position in trying to address chronic hunger and under-nutrition as part of its Feed the...

Discussions of aid effectiveness have, since 2005, been dominated by the Paris Declaration process. The Paris principles were revisited in Accra in 2008 and, most recently, in Busan in December 2011 at the fourth High Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness. While it is too early to say what Busan’s...

African countries do not have an effective legal framework to address the environmental damage that would be caused by the mining activities and oil exploitation of the transnational corporations. To resolve the issue, the paper proposes the modified bonding requirements under a tripartite...

For decades, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico relied on tax incentives to promote itself as a manufacturing hub for pharmaceutical and medical devices. These tax policies, coupled with a well-trained work force, turned Puerto Rico into one of the most vibrant manufacturing centers in the world....

Liberalization of merchandize trade has brought forth extraordinary gains to world economy in recent decades. Available research, however, suggests that even greater benefits can result from the liberalization of global trade in services. Currently only about 20 percent of services are traded...

As a new international economic policy, microtrade will face a whole host of issues, including potential legal cultural obstacles. Those legal cultural issues will arise as a result of the different and sometimes conflicting legal cultures of the varied participants within the different fora and...