In the last decade, European academic institutions have been affected by significant reforms aimed to improve their own performance levels. The reason for these reforms has been inspired by various factors, such as budgetary restrictions imposed by National Governments and the...

Motivation is a factor that always remained as black box. It is a principal constituent of the black energy that operates through the performance of the employee. This paper deals with the extrinsic motivation of the employee and is a thorough investigation on the nature of the relationships...

The marketing strategy’s role is to define the organization’s attitude towards its environment and behavior in contrast with environment modifications. A marketing strategy expresses a corporation’s option for a certain path chosen out of many others. Completing a strategy needs a factor...

Research results are our tool for approaching reality and truth. Validity and reliability of research instruments is the gate to reach generalizable results. The validity and reliability of an instrument are important aspects that allow for using the instrument in future research. This study...