In 1997, the 3rd conference of parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change adopted the Kyoto Protocol as a consequence of increasing evidence of a manmade global warming of the atmosphere. Binding greenhouse gas emission reduction targets for industrialised countries were agreed...

The desire to create a more competitive, market based transport system has led to the involvement of the private sector in infrastructure investments. However, there are still distinct aspects that often make investment in transport infrastructure unattractive to private parties. This paper...

The pricing of infrastructure, such as this of commercially competing ports, is one of the most controversial aspects of the global economy of the 21st century. The controversy arises from the need to reconcile the economic development impacts of infrastructure investments with the, under...

This paper examines the harmonisation of liner shipping regulation between Canada and the US, a matter of significance given the volume of trans-border trade in North American/Rest of the World liner trade. The paper addresses three questions: (1) What are the gaps in liner regulation between...

This paper describes the growth and flowering of maritime economics, as a recognised discipline, with particular reference to the careers and publications of certain prominent individuals since 1960. The first section defines the terms; this is followed by sections describing what happened...

Directed graphs and autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic error processes are used in the specification and estimation of an ocean grain rate equation. Results show voyage distance, ship size, contract terms, flag and season are important explainers of rates, as is ship tonnage contracted...

It is difficult to follow the history of the US merchant marine without trying to explain what went wrong. The purpose of this paper, which surveys almost two centuries of US cargo liner service, is not so much to point out what went wrong as to discover a few American liner shipping experiments...

The importance of mergers and acquisitions as strategies pursued towards the achievement of the organisational objectives of contemporary ocean liner carriers is evidenced by the increasing number of such activities in recent years. Despite the topicality of the issues and their practical...