Alemania tiene una amplia experiencia en subsidios que afectan el empleo, como los que discute actualmente en Chile el Consejo Asesor Presidencial de Trabajo y Equidad. Existe, entonces, la oportunidad de apreciar cuáles iniciativas han dado resultado y cuáles no. En estas páginas se sostiene...

Currently informal and formal international negotiations on climate change take place in an intensive way since the Kyoto Protocol expires already in 2012. A post-Kyoto regulation to combat global warming is not yet stipulated. Due to rapidly increasing greenhouse-gas emission levels,...

Despite its efforts and obligations under the Kyoto Protocol, the EU has not succeeded in even making a dent in the rapidly rising trend of worldwide carbon dioxide emissions. If anything, the trend has accelerated in recent years. In his Thünen Lecture given to the Verein für Socialpolitik in...

We use a simple framework where firms in two countries serve their respective domestic markets and a world market to analyse under which conditions cost-reducing mergers will be beneficial for the merging firms, the home country, and the world as a whole. For a national merger, the policies...

Zentrale Abschlussprüfungen lassen sich im Rahmen von Prinzipal-Agenten-Modellen als \"Accountability\"-Maßnahme verstehen, die Schüler und Schulen für ihre erbrachten Bildungsleistungen verantwortlich macht. Umfassende Regressionsanalysen anhand der Schülerindividualdaten von vier...

We provide a measure of equality of educational opportunity in 54 countries, estimated as the effect of family background on student performance in two international TIMSS tests. Using cross-country variation in education policies and its interaction with family background at the student level,...

In der Fachstudie wurden verschiedene XML-Datenbanken verglichen. Dabei wurden sowohl native als auch \"XML-enabled\" Datenbanken betrachtet. Um einen objektiven Vergleich zu erreichen wurden verschiedene Kriterien ausgearbeitet und geprüft inwiefern diese von den getesteten Datenbanken...

This paper reviews empirical evidence, especially from Europe, on how education and training policies can be designed to advance both efficiency and equity. Returns to educational investments tend to decrease over the life cycle. Moreover, they are the highest for disadvantaged children at early...

Martin Luther urged each town to have a girls’ school so that girls would learn to read the Gospel, thereby evoking a surge of building girls’ schools in Protestant areas. Using county- and town-level data from the first Prussian census of 1816, we show that a larger share of Protestants...