This paper discusses in depth the feasibility of imposing structural remedies in an ex post context, drawing from experiences in other areas including self-initiated private break-ups, break-ups and structural remedies in non-merger cases, and experiences with break-ups and structural separation...

This paper sets out the potential dimensions of quality competition in zero-price markets and the business models associated with them, including privacy and data security, advertising content, ease of switching, and choice in complement markets, among others. It was prepared as a background...

This paper presents the key features of merger control regimes in Latin America and the Caribbean, including recent developments in the area. It was prepared as background material for the session "Merger Control in Latin America and the Caribbean" held at the 2017 Latin American and Caribbean...

This paper considers the relationship between fines for cartels and generalised harm or corporate benefit, showing that the deterrent effect of fines is based on their relationship to corporate benefit. It also considers how knowing the amount of harm or corporate benefit can help to ensure...

This paper explores the different regulatory roles within the financial sector; the tensions and complementarities that can exist between the role of a competition agency and regulators, in particular central banks and discussed the ways in which agencies can ensure they co-operate effectively....

This paper reviews the economic debate around aftermarkets and how it has influenced the legal approach to assessing aftermarket concerns. It examines the main enforcement issues related to aftermarket cases, focussing on the key questions of market definition and market power. It was prepared...

This paper discusses some of the challenges algorithms present for both competition law enforcement and market regulation. In particular, the paper addresses the question of whether antitrust agencies should revise the traditional concepts of agreement and tacit collusion for antitrust purposes,...

This paper describes the theoretical and empirical foundations for the competition concerns associated with common ownership, the proposed policy responses, associated critiques and identifies several tools and alternatives available to competition authorities to analyse the phenomenon in their...

This paper discusses how financial regulators and competition agencies have co-operated to implement a regulatory and competitive framework that delivers a stable system in which innovative and efficient firms can thrive to the benefit of consumers. To do this, the paper starts by describing the...

This paper analyses two critical and related questions regarding the eternal quest for better understanding the purposes and tools of competition law and policy. It first looks at the role of democracy as a policy goal of competition policy. It also looks at the role of democracy in the...