This paper was prepared as background for a discussion held at the OECD in November 2016 on competition and innovation in land transport. It describes expected developments in land transport, their potential impact on competition, and the challenges these developments will likely raise for...

This paper was prepared as background for a discussion held at the OECD in June 2016 on commitment decisions in antitrust cases. It reviews arguments in favour and against the use of commitment decisions as they are presented in the literature. It also discusses judicial reviews of commitment...

This paper was prepared as a background note for a discussion held at the 2016 OECD Global Forum on Competition on competition and human rights. It focuses on the interaction between competition law, freedom of association and fixing salaries, and deal with the question of whether competition...

Some OECD jurisdictions exclude public interest policy considerations from merger control. Others consider public interest factors, such as financial stability, public security and plurality of media in their merger assessments. The paper gives an overview of whether public interest...

When analysing mergers which risk generating anti-competitive effects, competition agencies must establish whether a transaction generates sufficient anti-competitive harm to either prohibit it or impose conditions to its clearance. The point beyond which sufficient harm is established, and a...

This paper was prepared as background for a discussion held at the OECD in June 2016 on disruptive innovations in legal services. It introduces recent disruptive innovations in legal services markets, as well as the overarching trends giving rise to them. It also explores the role for...

This paper was prepared as background for a discussion held at the OECD in November 2016 on the definition of geographical markets across national borders. It describes the process with an emphasis on markets that may extend beyond national borders. It also discusses how geographic market...

This paper was prepared as background for a discussion held at the OECD in June 2016 on fidelity rebates. It explores why it is that firms use fidelity rebates, identifies some rationales that potentially benefit consumers (for example, these schemes often reduce prices, and can help to achieve...

Despite the fact that market studies are part of almost all work portfolios of competition agencies around the world, there are significant differences on their conception, goals and outcomes. This paper was prepared as background for a discussion held at the 2016 OECD Global Forum on...

This paper was prepared as a background note for a discussion held at the 2015 OECD Global Forum on Competition on serial offenders. It explored why some industries seem prone to endemic collusion and others don't.