The Taylorisation of the Production area over the last decades has brought mass manufacturing coupled with a dramatic decrease of unit costs, thus making most goods cheaper and, therefore, generally affordable. At the same time, however, a most costly and valuable resource, namely the employee's...

Article 119 of the Treaty of Rome states “each Member State shall during the first stage ensure and subsequently maintain the application of the principle that men and women should receive equal pay for equal work”. In addition, in 1976 the EEC Council of Ministers issued a Directive which...

Organizational theory and research have proposed several models of the processes contributing to, and retarding, organizational growth. Most of these ideas relate to biological analogies which take as a model the living organism and the processes and principles that regulate and describe its...

When we say “performance” evaluation, we all usually assume what we are talking about. But when we begin to discuss the subject, we often find we are not all dealing with the same thing. There is another side of the problem also — according to a survey of the Bureau of National Affairs, 93...

Experience shows that there are no easy ways of transferring Western ideas of “management” into the factories of the Peoples' Republic of China, or vice versa. With the present rapid expansion of trade between China and the West this sets up some formidable problems for the managers who are...

The project which this report outlines took place in a manufacturing plant of a medium sized company. The plant employed approximately 1,200 people operating on a four shift manufacturing system. They produced, by continuous process, a variety of similar consumer products. The project lasted...

Client and consultant in any intervention will have differing needs and expectations of the outcomes of their working association. There seem to be considerable skills demanded on both sides during the process of entering into an “engagement” and lack of care and sensitivity in the early...

Comparisons of organization and management across different countries are of considerable practical and theoretical importance, yet we have not made a great deal of progress in this field of inquiry. It therefore presents a challenge which I believe we must accept. In this article, I first...

There are signs of a changing approach to the study of leadership. In the session on leadership at the XIXth International Congress of Applied Psychology, contributions from the platform stressed theory building, whereas other speakers from the floor expressed greater interest in what managers...