The fact that a management training course is run on an in‐company basis rather than outside the organization does not guarantee that any of the learning acquired by course members will automatically be transferred back into the trainee's work situation. While many companies are prepared to...

In recent years the problems of stress in organisations has become widely discussed and a number of approaches for helping, or “managing” stress have been suggested. Many of the methods have been aimed at organizational wide activities which are assumed to be good for all in the battle...

Organizations, like people, can learn from their experience. The 1978 Camp David Conference learned from its experience. From difficulty, success and later problems we can take a lesson in how to do it. Physical isolation and a powerful mediator were the key. Repeated changes in the internal...

Among psychologists one of the more frequently observed phenomena is the enhancing effect of feedback on performance and learning (for a review see Annett. It is believed that the term feedback was originally coined by electrical engineers and was defined as a regenerative process. For the...

Over the past 15 or 20 years, there has been a steady stream of management techniques evolved and published. Many have scarcely caused a murmur of interest. A few have been hailed entirely new and capable of magic. Whilst it will be untrue to say that all of these techniques have been discarded...

Next to religion, there are few ideas as strongly held or as vigorously defended as those involving chains of command. Many in fact will contend with all seriousness that if they have not been ordained by God, they should have been. And yet “going through channels” is among the most...