This paper is concerned with the question of whether changes in market structure affect pricing behavior, in the context of the interwar U.K. coal-mining industry. In contrast to previous U.K. studies, the authors use time-series data, allowing them to model the dynamics of price adjustment. The...

This paper investigates the univariate orders of integration for the variables in a consumption function, emphasizing the role of seasonality in integration testing. Using seasonally-unadjusted quarterly data, the authors find that nondurable consumer expenditure appears to require two levels of...

The conventional method of estimating Engel elasticities has been to specify a particular functional form for the Engel curve. N. C. Kakwani (1978) introduced a more flexible approach involving indirect estimation of Engel elasticities from Lorenz and concentration curve parameters allowing...

The most widely used indicator of the structure of protection is the effective tariff. This paper provides a set of estimates of effective tariffs in the United Kingdom using information from the 1979 Input-Output tables. The estimates pertain to ninety-nine industries and seven sectors of...