In a very simple stock market, made by only two initially equivalent traders, we discuss how the information can affect the performance of the traders. More in detail, we first consider how the portfolios of the traders evolve in time when the market is closed. After that, we discuss two models...

Tsallis’ nonadditive statistics was employed to determine rotational temperatures in low-temperature nonequilibrium molecular plasmas. The First Negative and Second Positive Systems of nitrogen were used as test cases with classical two-Boltzmann distributions that may be replaced successfully...

We present a simple mathematical model for the Twitter dynamics, and use the model to extract the information-sharing tendencies on two time scales, day and hour, about three contenders in the 2012 presidential election in South Korea. Comparison of the model results with actual data...

We show that numerical approximations of Kolmogorov complexity (K) of graphs and networks capture some group-theoretic and topological properties of empirical networks, ranging from metabolic to social networks, and of small synthetic networks that we have produced. That K and the size of the...

Collective behavior of the complex socio-economic systems is heavily influenced by the herding, group, behavior of individuals. The importance of the herding behavior may enable the control of the collective behavior of the individuals. In this contribution we consider a simple agent-based...

The sub-prime crisis in the U.S. reveals the limitation of diversification strategy based on mean–variance analysis. A regime switch and a turning point can be observed using a high moment representation and time-dependent transition probability. Up–down price movements are induced by...

The concepts of non-extensive statistical physics, which have recently been applied in the study of complex systems, have been used here to analyse stress-induced electric current data in triaxially deformed Carrara marble samples. The fluctuations of electric current appear to follow a...

We investigate a model derived from bootstrap percolation on a directed random graph with Gaussian in-degree useful in describing the collective behavior of dissociated neuronal networks. By developing a continuous version of the model, we were able to provide accurate values of the critical...

The weak-form efficiency of energy futures markets has long been studied and empirical evidence suggests controversial conclusions. In this work, nonparametric methods are adopted to estimate the Hurst indexes of the WTI crude oil futures prices (1983–2012) and a strict statistical test in the...

The concept of entropy and the correct application of the Second Law of thermodynamics are essential in order to understand the reason why quantum error correction is thermodynamically possible and no violation of the Second Law occurs during its execution.