Social inequality manifested across different strata of human existence can be quantified in several ways. Here we compute non-entropic measures of inequality such as Lorenz curve, Gini index and the recently introduced k index analytically from known distribution functions. We characterize the...

Many complex systems can be investigated using the framework of temporal networks, which consist of nodes and edges that vary in time. The community structure in temporal network contributes to the understanding of evolving process of entities in complex system. The traditional method on dynamic...

The optimal layout problem of circle group in a circular container with performance constraints of equilibrium belongs to a class of NP-hard problem. The key obstacle of solving this problem is the lack of an effective global optimization method. We convert the circular packing problem with...

Quantum phase transitions (QPT) in the infinite-long Ising-XXZ diamond chain, characterized by the quantum correlations measured by the quantum discord (QD) and the entanglement of formation (EoF), are investigated exactly by the transfer-matrix method. QD and EoF are calculated numerically for...

Modern systems are mostly coupled together. Therefore, they should be modeled as interdependent networks. In this paper, the robustness of interdependent networks coupled with different type networks is studied in detail under both targeted and random attack. The critical fraction of nodes...

In this paper the phenomenon of dynamic heterogeneity in supercooled liquid systems is considered in terms of the recently proposed gauge theory of glass transition. The physical interpretation of the dynamic scaling is considered. It is shown that the development of the dynamic heterogeneity...

We study the competition and strategy selections between a class of generalized zero-determinant (ZD) strategies and the classic strategies of always cooperate (AllC), always defect (AllD), tit-for-tat (TFT), and win-stay-lose-shift (WSLS) strategies in an iterated prisoner’s dilemma...

We study the dynamics of an atomic condensate loaded in two symmetric traps where one of the trap is coupled to a reservoir. Analytical solution of the population dynamics is given for the non-interacting two-mode Bose–Einstein condensate system in the Markovian limit. In our model dissipation...

Functional networks, i.e. networks representing dynamic relationships between the components of a complex system, have been instrumental for our understanding of, among others, the human brain. Due to limited data availability, the multi-layer nature of numerous functional networks has hitherto...

We study the evolution of the distribution of consumption of individuals in the majority population in China during the period 1995–2012 and find that its probability density functions (PDFs) obey the rule Pc(x)=K(x−μ)e−(x−μ)22σ2. We also find (i) that the PDFs and the individual...