The development of Brazil's modern social safety net is quite recent, and social assistance programs claim a relatively small share of resources of the broader social sector. A key feature of the Brazilian social protection system is the duality between formal sector workers, who gained social...

Sudan's medium-term national development policy framework is embodied in the Interim Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (IPRSP). The paper was formulated in 2012 in the context of immense political upheaval due to the separation of the North (now Sudan) and South Sudan in 2011, which resulted in...

With the end of the oil economy in 2011, Sudan's regime of subsidies for wheat and fuel became increasingly unsustainable. The loss of oil revenues in the wake of the secession of South Sudan in 2011 resulted in severe macroeconomic imbalances, including a substantial budget deficit, pressure on...

The average annual FDI inflow in Bangladesh is significantly lower than comparable economies.Over the past decade (2007 to 2017), inflows have averaged at 0.9 percent of GDP in Bangladeshcompared with 3.0 percent in China, 5.5 percent in Ethiopia, 2.6 percent in The Philippines, 6.6 percent in...

The current regulatory environment in Bangladesh discourages the entry of innovative businesses.Entrepreneurs face a myriad of regulatory barriers including an absence of laws and regulations that clarify the rules of the game for new activities (regulatory gaps), and conflicting definitions and...