This paper puts forth a Neo-Kaleckian open economy model of two countries in order to investigate adjustment of US--China external imbalances. First, a stylized fixed mark-up model is presented, and discussed based on graphical analysis. Second, we present estimates of bilateral income and price...

This article discusses the significance of the recent growth in household credit across a range of middle-income economies. This growth is understood primarily as a result of policy, including the promotion of individual borrowing as a means to fund access to housing, education and health. A...

In the run up to the financial crisis of 2007--2009 many developing nations were subject to massive inflows of capital, capital that their financial systems found difficult to absorb. One of a number of policy options to respond to such inflows is unremunerated reserve requirements (URR). Two...

In the last decade special attention has been focused on estimating a firm's efficiency and productivity; Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) has been one of the most used techniques that allows the separation of inefficiency from stochastic noise, assuming homogeneous technology is available to...

This paper empirically investigates the effect of five business environment indicators and four measures of institutional quality on FDI inflows in GCC countries. The empirical results reveal that the time required to start a business, the time required to enforce a contract, the time required...

The relative lack of competitive pressure in product markets and lower investment in both fundamental and applied innovation are among the potential factors that have been put forward to explain Canada's weak productivity performance with respect to the US. Since competition is generally seen as...

We extend the literature on the bank lending channel in two aspects. First, rather than following the literature by analyzing the impact of banks'liquidity (measured via their asset portfolio) on monetary policy transmission, we study the role of banks' actual liquidity risk, as measured by the...

As Africa continues its decade of rapid economic growth, the continent also faces the risk of becoming more susceptible to financial 'contagion.' Capital flows and trade linkages might cause one country's currency market to influence those of its neighbors. Likewise, shocks to global commodity...

In this paper we use Turkish household labor force data to address a number of conceptual issues pertaining to the wage curve, an empirically derived negative relationship between the real wage level and the local unemployment rate. First, we show that in developing economies where labor markets...

The paper measures the size of primary-sector surpluses in the form of ground-rent appropriated by social subjects other than landowners in Brazil, and assesses their weight in supporting the process of capital accumulation during the period 1953--2008. For that purpose, the paper identifies the...