[eng] The retirements of Europe Alexis Dantec and Florian Pelgrin The subsidiarity principle states that a decision should not be taken at the Community level if it does not better the one taken at the national level. The retirement is one of the most controversial economic and politic issue....

[eng] Louis Dirn. This article develops two different aspects of social change : the decline of overpopulation in dwellings and the French opinion on European unification : The overpopulation in the dwellings had known a substantial decline from 1960 to 1980 ; the trend continues, but slower....

[eng] European ageing convergence and retirement pensions. Alexis Dantec. One of the most popular cause of difficulties for the retirement pension system is the future general ageing of the population. However, this ageing is much more complex than the growing old of an individual. It must be...

[eng] Work duration wage-price spiral and equilibrium unemployment rate. Gilbert Cette. This paper assess the general reduction of work duration conse quences (RWD) on the long run equilibrium unemployment rate. Our framework is the price-wage spirals which are included in the big macroeconomic...

[eng] France growth anyway Forecast for 1998-1999 Division Economie Française Two opposite forces are working on the French economy. On one side, internal demand is highly dynamic. Strong employment boosts households consumption and private investment follows. Up to date data clearly confirms...

[eng] Growth and Economic Policies en Europe. Catherine Mathieu, Olivier Passet. The role of restrictive economic policies has been frequently high lighted to explain the low growth rates of European countries for several years. However, the European average growth rate results from various...

[eng] Discussing Euro volatility. Jerome Creel and Henri Sterdyniak. Is the introduction of the euro likely to increase the volatility of the exchange rates on a worldwide scale ? This article presents a three countries model to compare the exchange rate volatility depending on the nature of the...

[eng] Pick up in France forecast for 1998-99 Division économie française. The economic situation in France is improving since the middle of last year and the internal demand is now strengthen enough to ensure that the growth rate would stay at high level, without any major fluctuation, during...

[eng] Frédéric Zumer. The fiscal aspects of the future EMU lead to lively debates. The purpose of this work is to consider the stabilizing role of a federal budget in the context of a monetary union, and the appropriateness of creating a specific shock-absorber mechanism in Europe. Its purpose...

[fre] Les mesures de réduction du coût du travail, et notamment celles ciblées sur les bas salaires, ont pris depuis le début des années quatre-vingt-dix une place importante dans les politiques économiques en Europe. Cet article rappelle les expériences les plus notables (au Royaume- Uni...