[eng] The protection of Environment and the Sustainability Development in the long term have become planetary concerns which will be debated next june in « Earth Summit » in Rio de Janeiro. A new problematic, exposed in the Brundtland Report, written upon the United Nations' request, throws...

[eng] Russia in Transition Frédéric Lerais This paper deals with the Russian transition towards a market economy. Since 1987, many reforms were attempted to improve its economic situation, but they led to large disequilibria. From the time of the break up of the USSR, Russia has launched...

[fre] La présente chronique commence par analyser l'augmentation des non-syndiqués et des abstentionnistes aux élections professionnelles et explique les difficultés que rencontrent les syndicats à s'implanter dans les secteurs nouveaux et dans les PME. Poursuivant l'analyse du rôle...

[eng] The end of the French Franc due to the EMU is an opportunity for examining the future of the Franc Zone. This paper addresses three issues : It describes first the working of the institutions of the Zone, and the resulting advantages for members. Despite the stability of their currency,...

[eng] Efficiency and Formation of Expectations in Exchange Markets The aim of this article is twofold : first to analyse the efficiency properties of the French franc and the American dollar exchange markets : second, to determine the nature of exchange rate expectations in these markets for...

[eng] Elements of a new Agricultural Policy Jacques Le Cacheux et Henri Mendras The European common agricultural policy (CAP) had initially been conceived as a device to ensure the expansion of agricultural production thanks to the modernization of techniques and the intensification of...

[eng] This paper studies out the traditional explanatory factors of investment, then presents the contribution of a model which takes into account profitability and demand constraints simultaneously. If demand fluctuations are sufficient to explain the fall of investment rate in the first half...

[eng] Bulgaria : Difficulties of a Transition in the Balkans Jacky Fayolle In Bulgaria, a resolute and coherent set of decisions had been made as early as the beginning of 1991 in order to stabilise and adjust the economy. The main objectives were to reduce imbalances resulting from the previous...

[eng] Everywhere in the industrialised world, monetary and financial obstacles to economic growth still persist today. The situation is all the more unsettled as tentative cooperation has been replaced by confrontation in international relationships. In the USA, the recovery has been a typical...