[eng] There has been a dramatic fall in the rate of profit in the United States since worid war II. The profile of this fall is discribed through the findings of the numerous studies of this issue now available. The point of departure following world war II is a high point of profitability. The...

[eng] The tightening of monetary policy in industrialised countries from 1980 onwards is one of the causes of the subsequent slowdown in economic growth along with inflation and the reduction of international liquidity. This trend will continue in the near future. Despite a smooth reduction in...

[fre] L'aide publique européenne au développement a permis dans le passé la mise en œuvre de programmes importants dans les pays du Tiers Monde, mais aussi contribué aux exportations européennes vers ces pays. Les perspectives de croissance de l'aide européenne sont entravées par la...

[eng] The increase of budget deficits since the mid 70's have led to somewhat opposite interpretations. In order to clarify the debate, one can rely upon budget indicators that isolate the deliberate portion of the deficit, and quantify the impact of public action. The evolution of the budget...

[eng] Some important aspects of the current French decentralization are enlightened by the recent changes in US public finance. Proceeding from very different premises, the « New Federalism » and the French decentralization share in common a context of general economic slowdown and fiscal...

[eng] After the first oil shock, the Italian economy experienced strong growth. There was extensive investment for the modernization of plant and equipment. Since 1981, Italy has been in a recession. In the first half of 1983, activity did not benefit from the support of consummer spending since...

[eng] The contemplated reform, substituting VAT points for social contribution points would not really encourage employment of workers in preference to recourse to machines, but would be unfair to certain categories of businesses and offer advantages to others. Structural transformations, in...

[eng] Recent studies by international organizations, such as the EC and the OECD, point to the increase in the share of wages in value added as a prominent factor in the worsening of the employment situation in major industrialized countries during the 70's. This article attempts to set the...

[eng] This article presents the evolution of the french economy, quantified by the annual OFCE model (up to 1988) according to three alternative scenarios. The upturn recently observed in OECD countries can hardly be considered a return to expansion. The growth of GDP in OECD countries and that...

[eng] To try to reduce business costs by decreasing employer social contributions and by compensating for the drop in public revenues with an increase in the Tax on Added Value would bring about only doubtful or transitory advantages. Such a reform, on a long term basis, would improve neither...