In the number 108 of the OFCE review, nowcasting factor models of French growth were proposed and assessed in pseudo real time over the period 2001-2007. The financial crisis has reduced their accuracy. The new basis of the French quarterly accounts published mid-may 2011 modifies also the...

The RSA follows two objectives: to increase the living standard of the working poor and to eliminate inactivity traps that result from low financial incentives to work. Because of its familialized nature, the RSA targets relatively well the poorest workers but also creates ambiguous effects in...

The comparison of the 1999 and 2009 ISSP surveys shows that the financial crisis of 2008 did not greatly upset the French perceptions of wage inequality, or their wishes to correct them or even their sense of justice for their salary. Essentially, they continue to believe that inequalities in...

In the United States, the funding of pensions is based on two pillars: a PAYG system pays basic pensions at a federal level; pension funds managed by public or private employers complete this system. The recession of 2009 has reduced the resources of the PAYG system. However, the funding has not...

The EC REACH regulation was enforced the 1st June 2007. REACH requires undertakings to prove the environmental and sanitary innocuousness of their chemical substances. The implementation of this regulation involves the production and exchange of a significant amount of technical and competitive...