This paper is a first attempt at modelling the long term dynamics of market structure and innovation in the pharmaceutical industry in a history-friendly way. The model examines the relationships between the nature of the search space, demand, the patterns of competition and industry evolution...

The paper investigates how European fiscal authorities behaved in the last decades. We argue that the cyclically-adjusted public budget (CAPB) is a too rough indicator of the fiscal stance as a function of the two objectives of output stabilization and debt decumulation. We construct two...

Germany?s current economic strategy is a variant of the so-called ?competitive disinflation? that France pursued in the late 1980s?. It is but one in a large array of non-cooperative strategies that EU countries have individually chosen to implement since the beginning of the monetary...

The reduction in the French trade balance observed since late 2001 has partly been caused by the weakness of the domestic tourism sector. Among potential explications thereof are the appreciation of euro; the post 9/11 trauma, and a possible decrease in the appeal of the French territory. We...

The purpose of this article is to deal with the theoretical funding, the consequences and the empirical relevance of strategic tax interactions among governments. Theoretically, tax competition and yardstick competition models may explain the existence of horizontal interactions namely among...