The Republic of Kazakhstan is located in Central Asia, the country shares borders with the Russian Federation to the north, China to the east, and Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and the Kyrgyz Republic to the south. The Caspian Sea forms a natural boundary to the west. Kazakhstan contains...

The Kyrgyz Republic is bordered by Kazakhstan to the north, Uzbekistan to the west, Tajikistan to the southwest, and China to the east. A wide variety of natural hazards also affect the Kyrgyz Republic. Earthquakes are common and have led to loss of life and significant damage to infrastructure...

Climate change is a major risk to good development outcomes, and the World Bank Group is committed to playing an important role in helping countries integrate climate action into their core development agendas. The World Bank Group (WBG) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) are committed to...

Mongolia's vast steppe plains and deserts experience about 250 sunny days every year, leading to the country commonly being termed the land of the blue sky. Historical climate warming is believed to have taken place at some of the fastest rates in the world in Mongolia and other shifts in...

Water and forests are Nepal's most abundant natural resources, with freshwater (derived from glaciers, snowmelt, and rainfall) accounting for an estimated 2.27 percent of the total world supply. Weakness in effective response mechanisms and strategies for dealing with natural hazards has...

Maldives is an archipelago of 26 low-lying coral atolls in the Indian Ocean, southwest of the Indian subcontinent. Due to its location over the equator in the Indian Ocean, Maldives experiences a typical equatorial monsoonal climate. Maldives experiences warm and humid climate throughout the...

Pakistan is characterized by diverse topography, ecosystems, and climate zones. Rich in natural resources, including fertile agricultural lands, natural gas reserves, and mineral deposits, Pakistan faces challenges in balancing competing objectives between economic development and environmental...

Sri Lanka is a small island nation lying in the Indian Ocean and consists of a mountainous area in the south-central region and a surrounding coastal plain. The climate of Sri Lanka is wet and warm, ideal for forest growth. Over the last century, more than two-thirds of this forest cover, rich...

The Philippines is an archipelago comprised of 7,107 islands with a humid climate and a topography characterized by mountainous terrain bordered by narrow coastal plains. Considered one of the most biologically rich and diverse countries in the world, the Philippines also has one of the world's...

Turkmenistan is in the southwestern part of Central Asia and the country is bordered to the north by Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, to the southeast by Afghanistan and to the south by Iran, with the Caspian Sea coastline forming a natural boundary to its west. Turkmenistan's economy has seen a very...