This paper seeks to analyse a case in which firms choose to divide their R&D expenditures into two components: competitive R&D and Joint-Venture R&D. The analysis is motivated by the fact that R&D outputs can have different degrees of non-excludability. It is therefore reasonable to expect that...

This paper uses the neoclassical growth model to evaluate the size of distortions associated with different monetary and fiscal policies designed to finance government expenditures in the presence of administration costs. The model is calibrated to match important features of U.S. data, and used...

This paper reviews briefly the general literature on macroeconometric modelling and highlights some important lessons from more than half a century of model-building. It appears that from the late 1940s to the 1960s this field has contributed to the expanding knowledge of both economists and...

Australia in the late 1990 adopted a purchaser-provider model of performance budgeting – so-called “accrual output budgeting” – which attracted considerable international interest. By 2003, however, the system was in headlong retreat. This paper examines the key difficulties experienced...

The paper examines the output and productivity performance of the Australian Agriculture sector by state from 1991 to 1999. The aim of the paper is two-fold. First, the paper is a pioneer in a series which compares the performance of each Australian state by sector starting with the Agriculture...

Units of output are sometimes defined in terms of the achievement of some pre-defined outcome (for example, a specified level of educational achievement), or alternatively in terms of some quality standard interpreted as a ‘conformance to specifications’ activity test. For most public-sector...

This paper demonstrates how the presence of a lower interest rate expectations detected in short-term interest rate futures during the 1990’s allowed arbitrage profits when trading intra-commodity spread differentials on the Sydney Futures Exchange’s 90 Day Bank Accepted Bill futures...

The Iranian rial has been depreciated on average about 12 per cent per annum during the last four decades. This paper examines the long- and short-run determinants of the black market exchange rate employing the cointegration techniques and the annual time series data from 1960 to 2000. Broadly...