The concepts underlying management training differ widely between countries, as does the practice of the various management training centres in those countries. Modern management is also expected to be familiar with and to lead business entering and established in the high-tech and innovative...

In social science terms, the `Arctic' is a relative, not an absolute concept, relating to several dimensions, such as constitutional and geographic status, remoteness, socioeconomic status, and demographic/anthropological factors. There is only one sovereign state with all its territory situated...