This paper reviews the design of private pensions alongside a notional defined contribution (NDC) – or public – component. A mix of public and private pensions is the bestway to deliver a strong combination of five core outcomes: coverage, adequacy,sustainability, efficiency, and security....

Governments in low and middle-income countries are increasingly investing in social protection, and also address many of their own people’s ‘humanitarian’ needs themselves. For their international partners, who may have an important role in filling gaps when household needs exceed national...

This paper reports on a rapid assessment of Malawi’s integrated social registry, known as the Unified Beneficiary Registry (UBR). The timing of the assessment was ripe given the upcoming round of continued expansion of the UBR and a planned shift in registration targets (from 50 percent to 100...

Despite a situation of an active violent conflict, the Yemen Emergency CrisisResponse Project continues to deliver services and cash to the poor and vulnerablenationwide. This paper captures lessons learned from this innovative and pioneering project,which will be particularly relevant for...