This paper reviews proposals contained in the Commission of the European Communities (CEC) Consultation Paper of 1995 and Draft Directive of 1997 on Airport Charges. Economic and practical problems associated with the CEC proposals are highlighted. The main conclusions are that the CEC proposals...

This study uses a longitudinal cross-sectional database to investigate individual firm strategic changes in the less-than-truckload (LTL) sector of the U.S. Motor Carrier industry. A new method of assessing year-to-year strategic change is developed. Results indicate that strategic change is...

This study examines the relationship between union and organizational commitment among a sample of 1167 railroad employees from four of the seven largest Class I railroads in the U.S. Specifically, the study sought to determine whether union commitment and organizational commitment were...

The literature on modal choice analysis of freight transport has revealed that the freight transport market is highly diverse. Aggregation over heterogeneous commodity types can cause a bias in the estimation of models. Therefore, disaggregation over commodity groups has been the norm and...

This study reviews the efforts of Singapore to curb road congestion through restraints on motor vehicle ownership as well as user fees. In particular, it traces the history of the famous Area Licensing Scheme (ALS), and then discusses its shortcomings, also the need for Electronic Road Pricing...

We measure values of time and reliability from 1998 data on actual behavior of commuters on State Route 91 in Orange County, California, where they choose between a free and a variably tolled route. For each route at each time of day and for each day of the week, the distribution of travel times...

Values of travel time enter the appraisal scheme both as values for modelling and forecasting and as values for use within project evaluation. This paper considers whether and how travel time values should be used within evaluation. The basic theories of private and social travel time valuation...

The paper reviews progress made towards a general theory of the traveller's valuation of travel time reliability, and give some indication of recent empirical research in this area. In the progress it brings together a large number of theoretical and empirical results, many of which are only...

A large amount of evidence has been amassed in Great Britain on the values of time and a wide range of service quality attributes. This paper reports meta-analysis of a large number of valuations of these attributes, including in-vehicle time, walk time, wait time, service headway, interchange,...

The derivation of a subjective value of time (SVT) requires finding the marginal rate of substitution between travel time and cost in a travel choice model. In the typical case of models with linear-in-parameters utility functions, the SVT is equal to the ratio between the parameters of travel...