Bagwell and Staiger (1999) conclude that the reason for governments to enter trade negotiation is the terms-of-trade externality, which creates an inefficiency in unilateral trade policies. To address this conclusion, the authors consider that protection may be motivated by many other objectives...

We discuss most favoured nation (MFN) treatment in trade agreements, and its significance for developing countries, suggesting that its value to individual countries depends critically on the relevant model solution concept used to evaluate it. We analyze both rights to MFN treatment in foreign...

This paper considers the role of the entire marital history in labor market decisions. A distinction is made between married, remarried, single and divorced women in the estimation of standard participation and labor supply functions. In specifications controlling for unobserved individual...

Conventional wisdom regarding nonprofit firms is that they are inefficient, due to the absence of a profit motive. However, the costs and product quality realized by profit-taking firms is determined by how well those firms deal with a host of internal incentive and information issues. A similar...

Garber and Spencer have argued that dynamic hedging may lead to perverse results when interest rates are used to defend an exchange rate. This paper shows that interest rate changes have little effects on dynamic hedgers when volatility is high.

Threshold models have been found useful in modeling nonlinearities in many financial time series. In this framework, the financial variable of interest evolves according to different dynamics, which is solely determined by the threshold regimes that the observed indicator variable falls into....

Threshold Autoregressive Models (TAR) along with other nonlinear time series models have attracted much attention in recent years in time series analysis. TAR models have been applied to a variety of time series. It has been reported that they have a good in sample fit but like many other...

With small geographical size, land scarcity poses a potential constraint for economic growth in Singapore. Restraining car ownership and car use through motor vehicle taxes is part of the land-transport policy to ensure smoother traffic flow. The scale and scope of the motor vehicle taxes used...

We consider a semiparametric GARCH model where the functional form for the conditional density of the errors is unknown. Adaptive conditions of the parameters are examined. Semiparametric Maximum Likelihood (SML) estimators are constructed by maximizing the nonparametric pseudo log-likelihood...