The present study provides a detailed analysis of the development pattern and characteristics of small-scale industries in Ethiopia against the backdrop of the transformation of the economic environment in Ethiopia and the specific policies pursued vis-à-vis small-scale industries. Problems...

We suggest an operational definition of transaction cost as the expected value of strategy information in games played by individuals randomly matched from a large population. We relate the concept of a transaction cost minimum to those of Nash equilibrium, efficiency, and evolutionary...

In 1991 a major tax reform was implemented in Sweden. This study compares the income equalization (income redistribution), vertical and horizontal equity properties of the pre- and post-reform tax and transfer systems. The method used is a decomposition, first proposed by Kakwani (1984), of the...

The effect of economic incentives on absenteeism in Sweden is examined. Based on a utility funcion, frequently used in labour supply studies, absenteeism is modelled as an individual day-to-day decision. Implications of compensating wage differentials and efficiency wage hypotheses are...

This paper examines intra-industry spillovers from FDI in Uruguayan manufacturing plants in 1988, to determine whether differences in the technology gap between locally- owned plants and foreign affiliates have any impact on the relation between local productivity and foreign presence. We find a...

The effect of tax discrimination of equity capital on the simultaneous choice of financial structure and operational risk is studied in a model with symmetrical information, risk neutral investors, bankruptcy costs and small open economy assumptions. Taxes are either proportional to the amount...

The purpose of this paper is to point out the similarities and differences between the traditional econometric approach used for analysing cross-sectional time series data and the microbased superpopulation approach. The superpopulation approach is applicable when a probability sample of units...

There are at least two instrumental motives for studying earnings mobility. First, to extend the analysis of income distribution to more than one time period. Second, to predict future individual earnings. For both these motives, adequate models of earnings mobility are needed. This study...

A short review of different types of motives in fertility decisions is given, followed by a discussion on the characteristics of societies where the insurance and producer goods motives are important. Three models investigating the effects of different types of policy interventions in such...

A multi-country model of intertemporal portfolio choice and the foreign exchange risk premium which incorporates both nominal price and relative price risk is developed. Portfolio demands are derived and interpreted in terms of diversification and hedge portfolios. The equilibrium foreign...