A decade of decentralized enforcement of EU competition rules under the procedural framework of Regulation 1/2003 has produced a diverse enforcement record that varies among Member States. While the numbers of notified investigations and infringement decisions based on Articles 101 & 102 TFEU...

On-the-spot investigations (inspections, dawn raids) are now an indispensable tool in the portfolio of a competition authority's investigative powers. They constitute a very efficient method of seizing documents and accumulating information of an undertaking regarding its alleged anticompetitive...

The judgements commented here concern procedural questions and questions of substantial law. They are especially interesting because they cover a set of rules how to proceed in cartel proceedings and cartel investigations. They also acknowledge that a range of procedural rules that was...

Slovak competition law is set by the Act No. 136/2001 Coll. on the Protection of Competition, as amended (hereafter, Competition Act). Covered therein is the prohibition of competition restricting agreements and the prohibition of the abuse of dominance as well as concentration control. The...

This contribution aims to demonstrate the legal framework that can shape and influence private enforcement in Slovenia. This includes, in particular, conditions for damage claims, collective redress mechanisms, legal costs and fees as well as discovery and burden of proof. It is shown which...

The development of Serbian competition law started in 2005 with the adoption of its first modern Competition Act. National competition rules are generally harmonized with European Union law, especially following the adoption of the current Competition Act of 2009. However, several problems in...

The paper presents and evaluates the impact of the ‘more economic' approach of the Hungarian Competition Office's decisional practice as to predatory pricing, margin squeeze and refusal to deal under Hungarian competition law. It compares the Hungarian practice with the more formalistic...

The article focuses on the novelties introduced by the Damages Directive in the field of consensual settlements of disputes concerning private enforcement. The Damages Directive obliges Member States to ensure that the limitation period for bringing an action for damages is suspended for the...

Procedural tools aimed at access to information in general, and disclosure of documents in particular, are crucial for the effectiveness of private antitrust enforcement litigation and for facilitating more genuine equality of arms. Currently, profound differences exist among EU Member States'...

On 11 June 2013, the European Commission adopted a package of measures to tackle the lack of an efficient and coherent private enforcement system of EU competition law in its Member States. In particular, a draft Damages Directive was proposed in order to meet the need for a sound European...