The objective of this paper is to identify the months in which more products and services are consumed in Mexico with the Value Added Tax (VAT), using the percentage change ratio (collection speed / month) based on the information for the year 2003 and until the month of August 2015. For each of...

It was in the 1990’s when the concept of Operational Risk was defined, since then the institutions, especially those in the financial sector, are worried about this type of risk since their exposure could have fatal consequences. In case of the insurance sector its study originates due to the...

The Black-Litterman (BL) model has been proposed as an alternative to Markowitz's average-variance model for the structuring of financial asset portfolios, allowing the incorporation of perspectives of fundamental analysts and guaranteeing a high degree of diversification. This model is applied...

The theory of restrictions (TOC) is a philosophy of continuous improvement, which focuses on the weakest link in the chain, to improve the performance of the production system. The purpose of the research was to determine the quantities to be made of each product and its production sequence in a...

This paper studies the relation between government spending composition and long-run behavior of Colombian real Exchange rate given the recomposition since 2004 from public consumption to public investment. Our results suggest that empirical models work better when the relative price of...

Governance practices allow to improve the dialogue between different sectors and to satisfy the interests of the actors involved. Especially, the electricity sector, due to its economic, environmental and social impact, requires joint government, the establishment of agreements and mutual...

The aim of this article is to summarize exhaustively and concisely, the different methodologies for estimating the volatility that has been proposed for the real options approach (ROA), and also provide a theoretical and practical explanation for estimating an unbiased volatility and...

Informality in small businesses is a widespread phenomenon in Latin American countries. In Peru it represents 50% of the business units, a situation that implies the knowledge of the determinants of this reality to contribute to the design of public policies. Thus, the present work studies the...

This paper describes the impact caused by immigration on the estimated growth of gross domestic product per capita (GDPpc) in each of the countries of the 15 members of the European Union (EU-15) during the period 1995 to 2013. Specifically, GDPpc breaks down into three factors: labour...

The object of study of this paper is the analysis of the level of reserves in a non-life insurance portfolio. The approach to this tool as an indicator of the solvency of the portfolio poses an initial dilemma between the security necessary to be able to respond to the losses that have occurred...