This chapter introduces many of the topics in the second edition of this handbook, as well as citing chapters in the first edition and showing how they connect. Emphasis in the early part of the book is on the definition of business innovation which is examined in the third edition of the Oslo...

This chapter introduces the general definition of innovation, applicable in any economic sector, and makes a comparison of the general definition and the definition of business innovation. Language, used by the System of National Accounts, and applied in innovation measurement, and analysis, is...

This chapter aims at presenting a perspective underpinning the definition of innovation shown in the Oslo Manual 2018 so as to enhance potentials of the general definition of innovation for measurement from a viewpoint of a systems approach. It also aims at discussing possibilities and...

The National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES), one of the U.S. Government’s thirteen principal statistical agencies, is legislatively mandated to collect, acquire, analyze, and disseminate statistical data on U.S. competitiveness in science and technology and R&D....

This chapter presents the Mannheim Innovation Panel (MIP), which is the German part of the Community Innovation Surveys (CIS). Differently to most national CIS, the MIP is an annual survey based on a panel sample, enabling the production of annual innovation indicators. Annual panel data also...

Innovation is essential to economic development and should be measured in all industries, regardless of technological intensity. Modes of innovation in low-tech industries (LTIs), defined as manufacturing and services sectors with typically low R&D investments, are often neglected due to a...

Innovation is a highly diverse activity with firms being involved in different innovation activities. Firms can innovate through product or business process innovation; they can adopt new technologies developed by other firms or engage in in-house research activities. Traditional indicators...

Household innovation is the development of functionally novel products, processes, or applications by consumers, in their discretionary time without payment. Household innovation is widely observed in practice, but not yet in official statistics. We discuss the nature of household innovation and...

Public sector innovation can improve the efficiency and effectiveness of government services and address challenging social problems. Several definitions of innovation in the public sector exist, but most are generally compatible and useful for measurement. Policy interest in measuring public...

Monitoring progress towards environmental sustainability requires measurement of eco-innovation and outcomes, as determined by the absolute level of air, soil and water pollutants. In addition to the OECD Manual’s (4th edition) identification of product and process innovation, eco-innovation...