In recent years many developed countries have moved to develop their annual budget process in astrategic multi-year framework. While a common feature of multi-year budgeting approaches is theinclusion of revenue forecasts and expenditures estimates for two or three years beyond the currentyear,...

Intergovernmental fiscal relations in the Russian Federation have evolved significantly since the onset of economic reforms in 1991. Since then, the Russian government has set out to replace the old Soviet system of expenditure norms and negotiated transfers with a more stable and transparent...

Some measure of fiscal capacity should be an important component of the system of equalization transfers for the regions of the Russian Federation. In order to enhance the understanding of the concepts and measurement issues involved, ISP Working Paper 97-3 discusses the concept of fiscal...