Generally, development can simply be considered in the context of economic growth and economic development. More specifically, on one hand, some scholars describe development as not only as a quantitative measure of a growing economy (such as the rate of increase in real income per head). On the...

Traditionally, development meant the capacity of a national economy whose initial economic condition has been more or less static for a long time, to generate and sustain an annual increase in its Gross National Product (GNP) at rates perhaps 5% to 7% or more (Thirwall 1994; UNDP 2001).In most of...

From the literature review, it is particularly argued that failure to implement effective fiscal policy measures have greatly hampered economic growth and sound macroeconomic stability in most developing countries. The prevailing economic climate indicates that growth has slowed down...

In most literature it is particularly argued that the dichotomous basis of urban and rural definitions has many features that state rural areas as existing along a continuum within which individuals, households, communities and institutions distribute themselves. One important character of...

Most developing countries often implement policies that have aggravated rather than corrected the free market failures. So, it is argued that market failures ought to be corrected by the government such as through the provision of goods and services and through taxes and subsidies to caution the...

In most developing countries, the local government budget is required by law to be balanced thus the revenues equal to the expenditures in a fiscal year. It follows that the revenues should be sufficient to avert possible revenue shortfalls during the fiscal year. There is a tendency among local...

In contemporary times of socio-economic dimension it cannot be denied that we live in a society where people are extremely poor, while few others are exceedingly rich. In many African countries millions of people are living in abject poverty. Lack of development has been said to be responsible...

It has taken so many years now to undertake comprehensive assignment of revenues and assignment of expenditures to the local authorities in Zambia because of non-existence of a sound local government financing framework. Critically, it is naïve to think that local government transfers system is...

After many years of political independence in most African nations, claims that Africa should depend on imported economic development models for it develop leaves much be desired. It appears for Zambia the imported economic models have brought misery and poverty for most citizens. The models...