We investigate the factors influencing the choice of domestic judges to pass on cases to the Court of Justice of the European Union. While EU judicial scholars have typically relied on integration theory or ad hoc theories of adjudication to explain referral activity, our theoretical framework...

Students of EU judicial politics have debated whether the threat of legislative override can influence the behaviour of the European Court of Justice. Yet because of the high political hurdles for the passage of Treaty amendments, Treaty revision has been dismissed as the "nuclear option",...

Private enforcement through courts has been put forward as a possible substitute to public enforcement of federal and international trade regimes. In this article, we seek to advance the empirical literature on private enforcement in the EU context by overcoming the limitations of existing...

We exploit the nonhierarchical nature of the European Union legal system to investigatethe effect of negative feedback on inter-court cooperation. We argue that, in thecontext of a nonhierarchical referral system, formal dismissals expose shirking whichthe principal, the referral court, has no...

In a multi-level, non-hierarchical court system, where courts at the upper echelon do not have the power to reverse the decisions of courts at the lower level, judicial cooperation appears crucial to the effectiveness of the higher-level law. For this reason, the recent judgment of the Czech...

Partisanship, especially in democratic regimes, may undermine compliance with government policy. We investigate this hypothesis by studying the relationship between electoral support for the minority government coalition and daily growth in covid-19 infections across Belgian municipal districts...

[We present a new dataset compiling the geographic coordinates of the entire universe of courts that have passed on cases to the European Court of Justice over the lifetime of the European Union. The GEOCOURT Dataset allows the exploration of spatial disparities and clustering effects across...

I consider the potential of eight text-scaling methods for the analysis of jurisprudential change. I use a small corpus of well-documented German Federal Constitutional Court opinions on European integration to compare the machine-generated scores to scholarly accounts of the case law and legal...