This paper develops mathematical models to coordinate facility location and inventory control for a four-echelon supply chain network consisting of multiple suppliers, warehouses, hubs and retailers. The hubs help in reducing transportation costs by consolidating products from multiple...

For almost two decades, politicians have been negotiating temperature limits to which anthropogenic global warming should be restricted, and 2 °C has emerged as benchmark for danger. However, there has been a lack of scientific research into the implications of such a change for African...