A simple method was developed for biodiesel production from non-edible Jatropha oil which contains high free fatty acid using a bifunctional acid–base catalyst. The acid–base catalyst comprising CaO and La2O3 mixed metal oxides with various Ca/La atomic ratios were synthesized via...

Bio-hydrogen is a promising sustainable energy to replace fossil fuels. This study investigated bio-H2 production from the inoculum of heat-pretreated landfill leachate sludge using glucose as model substrate. The seed sludge pretreated at 65 °C showed the highest amount of H2 at the optimum...