Manufacturing industries are blooming rapidly in Barada Basin carrying high risk to environment and human health due to generating huge amounts of heavy metals to environmental media, particularly rivers. Few studies show that concentrations of chromium, cadmium, and lead exceed the standards in...

Barada Basin, where the capital of Syria, Damascus, is located, in hence where most of the human activities are concentrated, suffers from serious environmental problems due to urbanization, industrialization, and overexploitation of environmental media. Huge amounts of wastewater (domestic,...

Manufacturing industries are blooming rapidly in Barada Basin carrying high risk to environment and human health due to generating huge amounts of heavy metals to environmental media, particularly rivers. Few studies show that concentrations of chromium, cadmium, and lead exceed the standards in...

Barada Basin, where the capital of Syria, Damascus, is located, in hence where most of the human activities are concentrated, suffers from serious environmental problems due to urbanization, industrialization, and overexploitation of environmental media. Huge amounts of wastewater (domestic,...