In the regulatory assessment of chemicals, the use of in silico prediction methods such as (quantitative) structure-activity relationship models ([Q]SARs), is increasingly required or encouraged, in order to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the risk assessment process, and to...

A wide range of chemicals are intentionally added to, or unintentionally found in, food products, often in very small amounts. Depending on the situation, the experimental data needed to complete a dietary risk assessment, which is the scientific basis for protecting human health, may not be...

In the assessment of industrial chemicals, cosmetic ingredients, and active substances in pesticides and biocides, metabolites and degradates are rarely tested for their toxicological effects in mammals. In the interests of animal welfare and cost-effectiveness, alternatives to animal testing...

A major source of uncertainty when assessing the human health and environmental risks of chemicals is the paucity of experimental information on the metabolic and (bio)degradation pathways of parent compounds and the toxicological properties of their metabolites and (bio)degradation products....