This paper provides a comprehensive review of fuel cell science and engineering with a focus on hydrogen fuel cells. The paper provides a concise, up-to-date review of fuel cell fundamentals; history; competing technologies; types; advantages and challenges; portable, stationary, and...

Due to varied global challenges, potential energy solutions are needed to reduce environmental impact and improve sustainability. Many of the renewable energy resources are of limited applicability due to their reliability, quality, quantity, and density. Thus, the need remains for additional...

Most existing nuclear power plants in North America are typically water-cooled and operate at 250–500°C. For this temperature level, the copper–chlorine (Cu–Cl) cycle is one of the most promising cycles that can be integrated with nuclear reactors for hydrogen production by decomposing...