As stress testing becomes more and more widespread as a risk measurement tool of choice, new questions are formulated about its applications to portfolio management. One of the most important ones for fund managers is: ‘How do we analyze results of stress tests for benchmarked portfolios?' We...

Financial crisis risk is now firmly in the spotlight after a turbulent past quarter century bore witness to a number of market events previously thought to be once-in-a-lifetime occurrences. The apparent inability of risk models to deal with real world financial markets produced a whole line of...

Unfortunately, the answers given are thoroughly embedded in the physics-inspired view of the financial economy as a stable and an equilibrium seeking system. In such a view, if some changes do occur in the financial markets, those changes present no discontinuities and the model has ample time...