We develop a method to estimate producers' productivity beliefs in settings where output quantities and input prices are unobservable, and we use it to evaluate allocative efficiency in the market for science. Our model of researchers' labor supply shows that their willingness to pay for their...

We introduce a new dataset built from a global non-profit startup program for early-stage high-technology startups called Creative Destruction Lab (CDL). The early stages of startup formation remain one of the least understood aspects of firm growth. The nature of this program and the data...

The COVID-19 pandemic has undoubtedly disrupted the scientific enterprise, but we lack empirical evidence on the nature and magnitude of these disruptions. Here we report the results of a survey of approximately 4,500 Principal Investigators (PIs) at U.S.- and Europe- based research...